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The relationship between smoking status and total immunoglobulin levels in patients with COPD is not fully understood. Decreased immunoglobulin levels have been observed in patients with COPD [1–4], a disease largely attributed to current or former smoking, and cigarette smokers [5, 6]. These studies focused predominately on serum (systemic) or salivary (upper respiratory tract) immunoglobulins. Levels of immunoglobulins in induced sputum, a more direct measure of airway immunoglobulins, ...

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This phase 2, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of lebrikizumab, an interleukin (IL)-13 monoclonal antibody, alone or with background pirfenidone therapy, in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Patients with IPF aged ≥40 years with forced vital capacity (FVC) of 40%–100% predicted and diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide of 25%–90% predicted and who were treatment-naïve (cohort A) or receiving pirfe...

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Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) scores assess symptom burden in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) but data regarding their role in prognostication and risk stratification are limited. We assessed these relationships using the emPHasis-10 HRQoL measure. 1745 patients with idiopathic PAH (IPAH), drug-induced PAH (DPAH), heritable PAH (HPAH) (collectively (I/D/H)PAH), or connective tissue disease-associated PAH (CTD-PAH), who had completed emPHasis-10 questionnaires at one of six UK re...

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Question addressed by the study Methotrexate (MTX) is a key anchor drug for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) management. Fibrotic interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a common complication of RA. Whether MTX exposure increases the risk of ILD in patients with RA is disputed. We aimed to evaluate the association of prior MTX use with development of RA-ILD. Methods Through a case–control study design with discovery and international replication samples, we examined the association of MTX expos...

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Introduction While the performance of the emPHasis-10 (e10) score has been evaluated against limited patient characteristics within the United Kingdom, there is an unmet need for exploring the performance of the e10 score among pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) patients in the United States. Methods Using the Pulmonary Hypertension Association Registry, we evaluated relationships between the e10 score and demographic, functional, haemodynamic and additional clinical characteristics at...

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The incidence and prevalence of nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) have been increasing worldwide. The risk of NTM-PD may be higher in undernourished populations. In this study, we tried to elucidate the impact of body mass index (BMI) and its change on development of NTM-PD. We performed a retrospective cohort study including South Koreans aged >40 years who underwent biennial National Health Insurance System (NHIS) health check-ups in both 2005 and 2009 or 2006 a...

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The effect of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) on the risk of osteoporosis and fracture in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains uncertain. The aim of this study was to assess this risk in patients with COPD. Electronic medical record data linked to National Health Registries were collected from COPD patients and matched reference controls at 52 Swedish primary care centres from 2000 to 2014. The outcomes analysed were the effect of ICS on all fractures, fractures typ...

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"Respiratory" Product Sub-categories